Karnataka – detail information – UPSC 23/05/2019 – Posted in: STATE SERIES

KARNATAKA

 

 

 

karnataka

 

Originally, it was known as State of Mysore but was renamed Karnataka in the year 1973.

  • The name Karnataka is derived from Karunadu means ‘Lofty Land’.
  • Bengaluru is also known as Silicon Valley of India
  • The state is surrounded by Laccadive Sea and Arabian Sea in the west, Maharashtra in the northern side, Goa in the north-west side and Andhra Pradesh and Telangana in the eastern side.
  • It is also surrounded by Kerala in south-west and Tamil Nadu, in the south-east side.
  • The state forms a part of the Deccan Plateau, it lies on the western edge of the plateau.

 

Capital Bengaluru
Date of Formation
  • November 01, 1956 as Mysore
  • Renamed as ‘Karnataka’ on November 01, 1973
Number of Districts 30
State Boundaries Maharashtra, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Goa, Tamil Nadu
Principal Language Kannada
Other Language Tulu, Hindi, Bengali, Mahi
State Animal Asian Elephant
State Bird Indian Roller
State Flower Lotus
State Tree Sandalwood
Major Crops Rice, jowar, coffee
Geographical Features Mountains (North to South) – Horti Hills – Jamkhandi hills – Bagalkot – Gokak – Badami – Babubudan – Closepet – Melagiris – Bilgiri range
Classification of Forests Reserved forests, Protected forests, Unclassified forests, Villages forests, private forests
Physical division
  • The coastal Karnataka (includes the coastal district of Uttar Kannada, Udupi, Dakshin Kannada)
  • The Malnad (Comprising of western ghats)
  • The Maidan (Plain regions)
National Park
  • Bandipur National Park
  • Anshi National Park
  • Kudermukh National Park
  • Nagarahole National Park
  • Bannerghatta National Park
  • Mudumalai National Park
Rivers Kaveri, Tungabhadra, Kabini, Krishna & Sharavathi
Lakes
  • Ulsoor Lake
  • Kukkarahalli Lake
  • Jaraganahalli Lake
Waterfalls
  • Jog Fall
  • Gokak Fall
  • Shivanasamudra Fall
Biosphere Reserve Nilgiri
Festivals
  • Kambla – Buffalo race
  • Ugadi – New Year day
  • Hampi festival
  • Vairamudi Brahmotsava
  • Tulu Sankramma
  • Gowri
  • Karaga
Dances
  • Yakshagana
  • Nagamandala
  • Kunitha
  • Krishna Parijatha
  • Bhootha Aradhane
Art & Crafts Bidri; Chitragars’ wood chiselling; specialised card game Ganjifa.
Tiger Reserves
  • Bandipur National Park
  • Nagarhole National Park
  • BRT wildlife Sanctuary
  • Anshi National Park
  • Bhadra Tiger Reserve
Wildlife Sanctuaries
  • Bhimgad
  • Rangayyanadurga
  • Chincholi
  • Gudejote (Sloth Bear sanctuary)
  • Ramadevarabetta
Temples
  • Bull Temple
  • Virupaksha – Hampi
  • Atmalinga – Hampi
  • Vittala – Hampi
  • Chamundeshwari – Mysore
  • Hidimbeshwar – Chitradurga
Hill Stations Chikmagalur, Brahmagiri, Kodachadri, Nandi Hills, Kemmangundi, Madikeri, Nandi hills
UNESCO heritage site Hampi
Tribes Barda, Bavacha, Chodhara, Dubla, Gowdalu, Irulina
Institutions
  • National Aeronautical Laboratory – Bengaluru
  • Central Food Technological Research Institute – Mysore
  • Indian Institute of Science – Bengaluru
  • Indian Institute of Horticultural Research – Bengaluru
  • Indian Space Research Organisation – Bengaluru
  • Institute of Wood Sciences and Technology – Bengaluru
Minerals Gold, silver, copper, iron-ore, manganese, limestone, dolomite, asbestos, bauxite, chromite, kaolin and granite rock.

 

Ports

The Karnataka has a maritime coastline of 155 nautical mile (300 kilometers) and has only one Major Port at Manglore i.e. New Manglore Port. Karwar, Belekeri, Tadri, Honnavar, Bhatkala, Kundapur, Hangarkatta, Malpe, Padubidri and Old Manglore. Out of 10 ports, Karwar is the only all weather port while the other nine are the riverine anchorage lighter ports.

 

Facts

  • More than 90% of the gold produced in India is produced in the southern part of Karnataka.
  • Kolar Gold Fields (in Kolar District) and Hatti Gold Mines ( in Raichur District) are probably one of the oldest gold mines in the world; besides these, gold reserves have been found in Dharwad and Chitradurga also.
  • Raichur is also known for its silver deposits.
  • Hospet and Bellary are the two districts in the state where significant amount of Iron ore is excavated.
  • Karnataka also has the largest reserves of Manganese ore in the country.
  • Karnataka holds the top rank in producing raw silk, coffee, and sandalwood oriented goods.
  • Sharavan Belagola is famous for (approx 18 mt). high statue of Gomateshwara (Bahubali) is an important Jain pilgrimage centre.
  • It is largest Ragi producing state of India.
  • It produces maximum amount of raw silk.
  • Kaiga Nuclear power plant (Uttara Kannada) it is a PHWR (Pressurised Heavy Water Reactor) situated near river Kali.
  • Karnataka is a resource rich state having 78 vanadium ore, 74% Iron ore (Magnetite) 42% Tungsten.
  • Black Granite of Mysuru is very famous.

 

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