BIHAR

 

Bihar is located in the eastern part of India. The state is surrounded by Nepal in the north, West Bengal in the east, Uttar Pradesh in the west and Jharkhand in the south.

 

Capital	Patna
Date of Formation	26 January 1950
Languages	Hindi, Urdu, Santhali, Maithali, Bhojpuri
State Flower	Genda/ Marigold
State Tree	Peepal
State Bird	House Sparrow
State Animal	Bullock
Key Industries	Food and Beverages Rubber and Plastics Transport Equipment Chemicals Tobacco Textile Leather Dairy
Number of Districts	38
Major Crops	Paddy, Wheat, Maize, Rice, Turmeric, Urad, Moong, Peas, Lentils
Rivers	Ganga, Saryu-Yamuna, Gandak, Kosi, Panar, Pun-Pun, Saura, Bagmati, Ghagra, Koshi, Son, Mahananda, Sapt Koshi, Bhutahi Balan
Tourist Place	Tomb of Sher Shah Suri Barabar caves (oldest rock cut caves) Vikramshila Monastery Buddha Smriti park Bodhi Tree Mahabodhi temple Takht Sri Patna Sahib Raigir Nalanda Vaishali Ancient city of Patliputra
Dance and Music forms	Jat-Jatin dance of the Mithila region, Bidesia, the songs of Vidyapati, Chau Tribal dances, Jhijhian dance, Kajari dance, Sohar-khilouna dance, Jhumeri dance
State Arts	Madhubani painting Madhubani’s marsh sikki
State Crafts	Grass is used to make baskets, dolls, toys etc. Sujini Kantha embroidery is a specialization of Bihar
Plant species	Tree: Sal, Shisham, Teak, Gamhar, Semal, Neem, Peepal, Bargad, Asan, Mahua and Kend
Wildlife Species	Territorial: Tiger, Leopard, Bear, Hyean, Bison, Chital, Barking Deer. Aquatic: Fresh Water Dolphin, Crocodile, Magars and Fishes, Gangatic turtle
Natural Wetlands	Kanwar Lake, Baraila Lake, Kusheswar nath Lake, Udaypur lake
Man made lakes	Nagi Dam, Nakti Dam
Festivals of Bihar	Chatth Puja Sama-Chakeva Ramnavami Makar-Sankranti Bihula Madhushravani
Soil	Piedmont Swamp Soil Terai Soil The Gangetic Alluvium
Resources	Steatite, Pyrites, Quartzite, Crude Mica, Limestone
World Heritage site	Mahabodhi temple complex at Bodh Gaya Nalanda Mahavihara (Nalanda University) at Nalanda
Tribes	Agaria, Baiga, Bedia, Gond, Gorait, Khond, Kora, Munda, Savar, Kawar, Kol, Tharu
Institution	National Research centre on Litchi, Muzaffarnagar Officers Training Academy, Gaya

 

Distribution of the Forests

The state has got natural sal forests in the district of West Champaran in the   terai region of shivaliks. Besides, Sal forests are abundant in the southern Bihar in the districts of Kaimur,Rohatas,Aurangabad,Gaya,Jamui,Munger and Banka. The West Champaran district has moist deciduous Sal forest while south Bihar has dry deciduous Sal Forests.  Most of the Natural Forests are notified as protected Forests.

 

Facts

• Located in the Eastern part of India, Bihar is the 13th largest state of the country.
• In 1912, Bihar, along with Orissa became a separate province.
• On 15 November 2000, the southern part of Bihar was split to form the state of Jharkhand.
• Bihar was the centre of Buddhism as the religion originated from here.
• During the (sixth centuries BCE to fourth centuries BCE) Mahajanpadha era or ‘the period of the Vedas’, Magadha (region in Bihar) was one of the 16 kingdoms that existed in ancient India.
• Located in Gaya district, Bodh Gaya is associated with the revered sage Buddha as it was here that he gained enlightenment under the Bodhi Tree.
• Bihar is the 4th largest producer of vegetables & the 8th largest producer of fruits in India
• With 88.61 million mobile subscribers in January 2019, Bihar accounted for the third largest mobile subscriber base among all Indian states.
• Hajipur is famous for banana
• The worshipping of the serpent Goddess Mansa is celebrated as Bihula in Bihar.
• The state accounts for 70% of area and 80% of production of litchi in the country.
• The Ganges River Dolphin or Susu are found in Ganga.
• The bridge over the river Ganges named Mahatma Gandhi Setu is 5575m long connecting Patna in the south to Hajipur in the north of Biharand is the longest river bridge in India
• The construction of India’s longest road-cum-rail bridge is underway on the banks of the River Ganges and it will connect Patna to Pahleja Ghat.
• The Sikhs’ very revered pilgrimage Harmandir Takht Saheb the birth place of the 10th guru, Guru Gobind Singh, is an enchanting shrine at the heart of the capital city Patna.

 

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Also read more about other Indian States 

• ARUNACHAL PRADESH
• ARUNACHAL PRADESH
• ASSAM