Haryana – Indian State – Know your state – UPSC 11/05/2019 – Posted in: STATE SERIES

HARYANA

haryana

 

  • Haryana came into existence on 1st November 1966.
  • Haryana is a state in Northern India. The state shares its boundaries with Rajasthan in the south and west, Himachal Pradesh and Punjab in the north, and the territory of Delhi in the east.
  • Haryana is considered one of the wealthier states of India. Much agriculture, automobile and other industries are located in Haryana.
  • The word “Haryana” literary means “the Forest Land of Hari.”
  • Haryana helped sufficiently in food production in the 1960s during the Green Revolution.

 

Capital Chandigarh
Date of formation 1st November 1966
State boundary Punjab, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Delhi, Rajasthan
State Animal Black Buck
State Bird Black Francolin
State Tree Peepal
State Flower Lotus
Geographical division
  • Haryana as a whole is a plain
  • Shivalik mountain range in the northeast
  • Aravalli mountain eanges in the southern Haryana
  • Yamuna-Ghaggar basin, creating the biggest portion of the state
  • Semi-arid sandy plateaus in southwest
Rivers Yamuna, Saraswati, Ghaggar, Markanda, Tangri, Chautang
Climate
  • Continental character
  • Very hot in Summer and Markedly in winter
  • Pleasant months of spring
Hill station Morni Hills (Panchkula)
Lakes Badhkal, Brahma Sarovar, Karna Lake, Sannihit Sarovar, Tilyar Lake
Number of Districts 23
Historical Facts
  • Haryana was the home of the legendary Bharata dynasty.
  • Bharata dynasty gives the name Bharat to India
  • Haryana finds mention in the great epic of Mahabharata.
  • Kurukshetra, the scene of the epic battle between the Kauravas and the Pandavas, is situated in Haryana.
Legislature Unicameral
Language Haryanvi
Major Crops Wheat, Rice, Sugarcane, Cotton, Bajra, Maize, Oilseeds
National Parks
  • Sultanpur National Park
  • Kalesar National Park
Wildlife Sanctuaries
  • Abubshehar  Wildlife Sanctuary
  • Bhindawas  Wildlife Sanctuary
  • Bir Shikargarh  Wildlife Sanctuary
  • Chinchilla  Wildlife Sanctuary
  • Kalesar  Wildlife Sanctuary
  • Khaparwas  Wildlife Sanctuary
  • Morni Hills (Khol-Hi-Raritan) Wildlife Sanctuary
  • Nahar  Wildlife Sanctuary
Tourist places
  • Morni Hills
  • Cantonment Church tower
  • Gateway of Old Mughal Sarai
  • Raja Nahar Singh Fort
  • Old Badshahi Bridge
  • Sita Mai Temple
  • Kalander Shah Tomb
  • Karna Tank
  • Sultanpur Bird Sanctuary
  • Kushan Stupa
  • Taraori Sarai
  • Miran Sahib Tomb
  • Dargah Noori
  • European Soldiers Grave
Pilgrim Places
  • Brahm Sarovar
  • Bhadrakali Temple
  • Sthaneshwara Mahadev Temple
  • Jyotisar
  • Sannihit Sarovar
  • Bhishma Kund, Narkatari
  • Mata Mansa Devi Temple
  • Nada Sahib
Famous Personalities
  • Parineeti Chopra
  • Juhi Chawla
  • Om Puri
  • Sonu Nigam
  • Baba Ramdev
  • O.P.Jindal
  • Arvind Kejriwal
  • Piyush Goyal
  • Saina Nehwal
  • Yogeshwar Dutt
Fairs & Festivals
  • Surajkund International Crafts Mela
  • Mango Mela
  • Kurukshetra Mahotsav
  • The Pinjore Heritage Festival
Dances Phag, Dhamal, Ratvai
Industries
  • Manesar (Automobiles)
  • Panipat (Fertilizer plant, Oil refinery)
  • Faridabad (Brass metal ware industry)
  • YamunaNagar (Paper mill)
Power Plants
  • Rajiv Gandhi Thermal Power station
  • Faridabad Thermal Power station
  • Gorakhpur Atomic Power station
  • Panipat Thermal Power station
  • Indira Gandhi Super Thermal Power
  • Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram Thermal Power plant
Institutions
  • National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal
  • Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal
  • Central Sheep Breeding Farm, Hisar
  • Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar
  • Central Soil Salinity Research Institute
  • National Research Centre on Equines (NRCE)
  • National Power Training Institute
  • National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra
Flora Eucalyptus, Mulberry, Kikar, Pine, Babul, Shisham
Fauna Nilgai, Blackbuck, Fox, Panthar, Jackal, Mongoose, Wild dog

 

Facts

  • Chandigarh is common capital to Haryana and Punjab.
  • It is 20th biggest state in India by area.
  • It is the 16th most populated state in India.
  • Haryana is a non-coastal, interior state.
  • Surajkund International Crafts Mela (Faridabad)- is the largest crafts fair in the world.
  • Haryana is the largest producer of passenger cars, tractors, motorcycles, bicycles, refrigerators, scientific instruments, etc.
  • Haryana is the largest exporter of Basmati rice to the overseas market.
  • Lowest child sex ratio (0-6 years) – (834) amongst states.
  • There are no Schedule Tribes notified in Haryana.
  • Rakhigarhi village in Hisar district is home to the largest and one of the oldest ancient Indus Valley Civilization sites, dated at over 5,000 years old.
  • Panipat handlooms and carpets are known all over the world besides its famous Pachranga Aachar (pickles).
  • Haryana is the first Indian state who achieved full rural electrification.

 

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