TORRENTIAL RAIN

 

For: Preliminary & Mains

Topics covered: All about torrential rain, causes and its formation

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News Flash

Torrential rain that lashed Dharwad continued to play havoc with the lives of the people in the district.

 

Torrential rain

• It refers to the heavy downpour of rain.
• The National Weather Service (NWS) defines torrential rain as rain that accumulates at a rate of three-tenths of an inch or more per hour.

 

Rain Rain refers to water droplets forced to fall down to earth by gravitational push. The droplets form when atmospheric water vapour condenses to water.

Causes

• The major cause of torrential rain is moisture, that moves along the weather fronts.
• The convective clouds cause precipitation to occur when enough moisture rises up due to an upward motion.
• Narrow torrential rainbands come as a result of cumulonimbus clouds.

 

Important info In mountainous regions, torrential rain falls on one side of the mountain since heavy precipitation occurs on one side of the mountain. Scientific research shows that torrential rain which pours on other planets contains volumes of iron, water, methane, sulphuric acid, and even neon gas.

 

Formation

• When the air saturates with the water vapour clouds are formed.
• The clouds suspend in the air and are visible from the surface of the earth.
• Cool air has more saturation of vapour than warm air.
• The main mechanisms through which air cools to dew point are radiational cooling, adiabatic cooling, evaporative cooling, and conductive cooling.
• Convection or physical barriers such as a hill cause the cool air to rise up.
• Condensation then forces the water vapour to form clouds.
• The type of cloud formed depends on the amount of condensation that occurs. In the case of torrential rain, dark nimbus clouds form in the clouds.

 

Relative Humidity The atmospheric air always contains varying amounts of water vapour. The relative humidity is the term used to describe the amount of moisture in the air. Furthermore, relative humidity is the amount of water vapour that the air can hold at a certain temperature.

 

Source: World Atlas

 

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